Title Adsorpcija glukoze na površini zeolita klinoptilolita u vodi i modelnim otopinama želudca i crijeva in vitro i in vivo Title (english) Adsorption of glucose on the zeolite clinoptilolite surface in water and model stomach and gut solutions in vitro and in vivo Author Rumenka Markoska Mentor Sandra Kraljević Pavelić (mentor)Mentor Dean Marković (komentor)Committee member Ivana Ratkaj (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Aleksandar Bulog (član povjerenstva)Committee member Tihomir Balog (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2024-09-16, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 577 - Biochemistry. Molecular biology. Biophysics Abstract Zeoliti su prirodni ili sintetski alumosilikatni minerali porozne strukture. Pore su
međusobno povezane kanalima u kojima su smješteni hidratizirani kationi te molekule
vode. Primarna ili osnovna građevna jedinica zeolita je tetraedar TO4 gdje je T oznaka
za četverovalentni silicij (Si(IV)) ili trovalentni aluminij (Al(III)) pri čemu su kod različitih
zeolitnih materijala omjeri Al(III) naspram Si(IV) različiti. Ovi se elementi u prostoru
povezuju preko zajedničkih atoma kisika (O) gradeći sekundarne poliedarske jedinice
čijim povezivanjem nastaje kristalna rešetka. Upravo je ova rešetka odgovorna za
glavno svojstvo zeolita, ionsku izmjenu kationa iz šupljina s kationima iz okoline. Drugo
važno svojstvo zeolita je svojstvo adsorpcije organskih molekula na površinu zeolita.
U medicinske je svrhe do sada korišten netoksični prirodni zeolitni materijal klinoptilolit.
U ovom su se doktorskom radu za istraživanje koristili različito mikronizirani
klinoptilolitni materijali: TMAZ (tribomehanički aktivirani klinoptilolit), PMA (dvostruko
tribomehanički aktivirani zeolit) i PMAO2 (dvostruko tribomehanički aktivirani zeolit
obogaćen medicinskim kisikom), te kao kontrolni spoj korišten je sintetski Zeolit A. Za
navedene je materijale je u prvom dijelu istraživanja utvrđen omjer Si/Al u vodi i
modelnim otopinama želucai crijeva. Nakon inkubacije u vodi ili modelnim otopinama
u trajanju 24 h, izdvojene su frakcije centrifugiranjem pri 4000 rpm, 14000 rpm i
140000 rpm. Supernatanti svake frakcije analizirani su uz pomoć elektronskog
mikroskopa (skenirajući elektronski mikroskop, SEM) i elektronske disperzijske
spektroskopije (EDS). Oblik čestica supernatanta zeolitnog materijala i omjer Si/Al
uspoređen je sa zeolitnim materijalima u krutom stanju. U drugom dijelu istraživanja,
istražen je i kvantificiran postotak interakcije ili adsorpcije D-glukoze na površinu
zeolitnih materijala uz pomoć elektronske mikroskopije SEM u kombinaciji s
elementnom analizom EDS te kvantitativne metode tekućinske kromatografije
ultravisoke razlučivosti (UHPLC). Adsorptivna svojstva šećera validirana su na
zdravim miševima in vivo za zeolit PMA koji je pokazao najbolja svojstva interakcije s
D-glukozom in vitro pri čemu su rezultati ukazali na smanjenje razina glukoze u krvi u
kod miševa pred tretiranih sa zeolitom PMA. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju potencijal
korištenja zeolitnih materijala u patološkim stanjima poput metaboličkog sindroma ili
dijabetesa što bi trebalo dodatno istražiti.
Abstract (english) Zeolites are natural or synthetic aluminosilicate minerals with a porous structure. The
pores are interconnected by channels in which hydrated cations and water molecules
reside. The primary or basic building block of zeolite is the TO4 tetrahedron where T
stays for tetravalent (Si(IV)) or trivalent aluminum (Al(III)), where the ratios of Al(III) to
Si(IV) are different in different zeolite materials. These elements are connected
through common oxygen atoms (O) and build secondary polyhedral units, the
connection of which creates a crystal lattice. It is this lattice that is responsible for the
main property of zeolite, the ion exchange of cations from the cavity with cations from
the environment. Another important property of zeolite is adsorption of organic
molecules on the surface of zeolite. So far, the non-toxic natural zeolite material
clinoptilolite is used for medical purposes. In this doctoral thesis, differently micronized
clinoptilolite materials were studied: TMAZ (tribomechanically activated clinoptilolite),
PMA (double tribomechanically activated zeolite) and PMAO2 (double
tribomechanically activated zeolite enriched with medical oxygen), and synthetic
zeolite was used as a control compound A. In the first part of the research, the Si/Al
ratio in water and model solutions of the stomach and intestines was determined for
the mentioned materials. After incubation in water or model solutions for 24 h, fractions
were separated by centrifugation at 4000 rpm, 14000 rpm and 140000 rpm. The
supernatants of each fraction were analyzed using electron microscope (scanning
electron microscope, SEM) and electron dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). The particle
shape of the zeolite material supernatant and the Si/Al ratio were consistent with the
zeolite materials in the solid state. In the second part of research, the percentage of
interaction or adsorption of D-glucose on the surface was investigated with SEM in
combination with EDS and quantified with ultra-high resolution liquid chromatography
(UHPLC). The adsorptive properties for D-glucose were validated on healthy mice in
vivo for the zeolite PMA, which showed the best properties of interaction with D
glucose in vitro. The results indicated a decrease in blood glucose levels in mice
pretreated with zeolite PMA. The obtained results show the potential of using zeolite
materials in pathological conditions such as metabolic syndrome or diabetes, which
should be further investigated.
Keywords
klinoptilolit
PMA-zeolit
Si/Al
svojstva vezivanja šećera
D-glukoza
adsorpcija
miš
Keywords (english)
clinoptilolite
PMA-zeolite
Si/Al
sugar binding properties
D-glucose
adsorption
mouse
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:193:601193 Promotion 2024 Study programme Title: Medicinal chemistry Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Repository Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development Created on 2024-10-01 07:05:18
