The basic human need for clothing has given rise to the production of textiles, which with its millennial tradition of handicrafts has transformed from one of the oldest manufactures to one of the most important industries in general. A key role in the development was played by scientific research work, which was preceded by hundreds of years of application of empirical research methods. Following the world trends, textile in Croatia has grown from a profession to textile technology, a scientific field within the field of technical sciences. The aim of this paper is to understand the background of the development of textile profession in the scientific discipline of textile technology in Croatia. The purpose of the research is to contribute to textile technology as an important factor in science and economy in Croatia, since a comprehensive research on this issue has not been done so far. The research methodology is based on a quantitative and qualitative approach. The quantitative approach was conducted through a bibliometric analysis of the journal Tekstil as a relevant indicator of the development of textile technology in the period from 1952 to 2018 in Croatia. The qualitative approach is based on interviews with eminent experts in the field. The results of the bibliometric analysis of the journal Tekstil showed that the journal is an objective indicator of the process of development of textile technology in Croatia. This is evidenced by key factors such as the volume and trends of published professional and scientific papers, the development of co-authorship and collaboration, productivity and forms of scientific communication of textile professionals and scientists. The international visibility of Croatian textile technology, measured through the magazine Tekstil, is less pronounced due to the absence of a larger share of foreign authors as well as the language barrier of published works. The attitudes of the respondents are in line with the results of the quantitative research, which showed the complementary purpose of the qualitative approach. The journal Tekstil as a means of communication in textile technology in Croatia, given the representative number of years (N = 67), fully outlines the development of the textile profession in textile technology. There are numerous indicators of the initial progress, and later a certain regress of the magazine, which is largely a reflection of changes in textile technology in Croatia. Through the journal Tekstil, many generations of experts and scientists have advanced, but due to certain internal and external factors, the journal is gradually losing its role as a key communication medium in monitoring the development of scientific discipline.