The importance of electrical potential in bone growth, remodeling and fracture healing has been extensively described in the literature. Nevertheless, numerous controversies still exist, which highlight the importance of in vivo studies in humans. The scientific contribution of this thesis derives from the fact that intraoperative measurements of electrical potentials in bone fractures have not been described in the literature, until we published the results of our pilot study; as well as from the assumption that there is an interaction between methods of reposition and fixation of fractures with conductive metal implants and the biological function of bone electrical potentials. The patients with pertrochanteric fractures of the femur have been included in the study. Measurements were performed using thin Kirschner wires, at three time intervals during osteosynthesis of fracture; and in three spatial points: in the vicinity of the fracture, in the distant metaphysis of the same femur, and in the proximal metaphysis of ipsilateral tibia, which were used as control measurements. Bone electric potentials, caused by fracture, can be measured intraoperatively. The operative procedure appears to influence their generation and changes. Measured potentials depend on the fracture type, and their changes during the operation have a predictive value in assesing outcomes.