Title Pojava i štetnost gljive Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst. na običnoj bukvi (Fagus sylvatica L.) Title (english) Occurrence and damaging impact of fungus Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst. on Europaenbecch (Fagus sylvatica L.) Author Krunoslav Arač Mentor Danko Diminić (mentor)Committee member Boris Hrašovec (predsjednik povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2016-11-18, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 630 APPLIED SCIENCES. MEDICINE. TECHNOLOGY Silviculture. Afforestation. Felling. Logging Abstract Tijekom 2005. i od 2010. do 2015. godine gljiva Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst. uzrokovala jezarazu na 154 živih stabala obične bukve. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi rasprostranjenostgljive u arealu obične bukve u Hrvatskoj, a živa zaražena stabla obične bukve obilježiti rednimbrojevima, utvrditi lokaciju, izmjeriti prsni promjer, zabilježiti prvu godinu zaraze, procijeniti oštećenjadebla i krošnje, te svake godine procjenjivati osutost krošnji i evidentirati pojavu ostalih vrsta gljiva ikukaca. Kod gljive opisati osnovna morfološko mikroskopska obilježja, izmjeriti veličine plodnihtijela i pojedinih plodišta, a svake godine po pojedinom zaraženom stablu utvrditi datum početkarasta plodnih tijela, trajanje i mjesto rasta, broj skupina i oblika plodnih tijela po mjestu rasta, teevidentirati vrste kukaca i drugih organizama kojima ova vrsta služi u prehrani i/ili kao ekološka nišau razvoju. Rezultati pokazuju ovisnost prosječnog broja skupina plodnih tijela, te veličine prsnogpromjera za predviđanje prognoze nastanka statusa sušaca, izvala i vjetroizvala stabala. Direktniutjecaj na kvantitetu i kvalitetu drvne mase ima nastala trulež koja je utvrđivana nakon obaranjazaraženih stabala na poprečnim i uzdužnim prerezima debla. Udio neprave srži kod zaraženihstabala najveći je na prvom prerezu zbog utjecaja zaraze što jasno pokazuje statistička analiza.Trulež koja se javlja u predjelu korjenja zbog njegovog odumiranja utječe na smanjenje lisne maseu krošnji na što deblo reagira dehidracijom središnjeg djela u kojem dolazi do smanjenja vitaliteta iugibanja stanica parenhima što uzrukuje stvaranje neprave srži unutar debla. Statističkimizračunom utvrđen je posredni utjecaj zaraze na stvaranje neprave srži koji je signifikantan uodnosu na zdrava stabla. Nakon sječe zaraženih stabala kao saprotrof nastavlja rast na panjevima,dok na ostavljenom drvnim ostacima donjih djelova zaraženih stabala neposredno uz panj nijezabilježen rast plodnih tijela. Plodna tijela služe kao niša za prehranu i razvoj kukaca i drugihorganizama doprinoseći time biološkoj raznolikosti staništa. Posljedično, zaključci upućuju nanastalu štetu na drvnoj masi živih stabala, prognozu nastajanja sušaca, izvala i vjetroizvala tepotencijal širenja zaraze.
Abstract (english) Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst infected 154 living trees common beech in 2005 andfrom 2010 2015. The aim of this research was to determine the distribution of the fungus incommon beech area in Croatia, to localize and number living and infected trees, measure breastheight diameter, record the first year of infection, estimate stem and crown damages, and regardingfungus, to describe basic morphological-microscopic features, measure the size of fruiting bodiesand individual sporocarps and to determine on annual basis the date of the sporocarps growthcommencement and duration and position of growth, number of sporocarps and forms of fruitingbodies according to place of growth and to record species of insects and other organisms usingfungus as food and/or as an ecological niche in their development. The results show dependence ofaverage group number of fruiting bodies and the size of breast height diameter to forecast the statusoccurrence of dead trees, down timber and windfall. The decay found after felling infected trees inthe stem transverse and longitudinal sections showed a direct impact on timber quantity and quality.A heartwood share is the largest in the first cross section of infected trees due to disease impact asshown in statistical analysis. The decay in root region due to its withering reduces leaf mass in thecrown, and the stem reacts with dehydration of its central part in which there is a loss of vitality anddying of parenchyma cells causing heartwood in stems. Statistical calculation revealed an indirectimpact of disease on heartwood creation which is significant in regard to healthy trees. Funguscontinues to grow as saprotroph on stumps after felling infected trees and no growth of fruit bodieswas noted on remnants of lower parts of infected trees close to stumps. Fertile bodies serve as foodand development niches for insects and other organisms contributing to biological diversity ofhabitant. Consequently, conclusions point to timber damages of living trees, forecast of dead tree,down timber and windfall wood occurrence and potential of disease spread
Keywords
Meripilus giganteus
obična bukva
živa stabla
trulež
neprava srž
kvantiteta i kvaliteta drvne mase
Keywords (english)
Meripilus giganteus
common beech
living trees
decay
heartwood
timber quantity and quality
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:108:838972 Study programme Title: POSTGRADUATE UNIVERSITY DOCTORAL STUDY PROGRAMME OF FORESTRY Type of resource Text Extent 453 File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Repository University of Zagreb Faculty of Forestry Created on 2017-01-19 14:04:57
