Title Upravljanje zajedničkim dobrima na tržištu emisija u okoliš Europske Unije Title (english) Management of common goods in the European Union emissions trading scheme : MANAGEMENT OF COMMON GOODS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEME Author Davor Mance Mentor Marija Kaštelan Mrak (mentor)Mentor Nenad Smokrović (komentor)Committee member Nada Denona Bogović (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Maks Tajnikar (član povjerenstva) Committee member Marija Kaštelan Mrak (član povjerenstva)Committee member Nenad Smokrović (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2015-04-13, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 502/504 - Environmental science. Conservation of natural resources. Threats to the environment and protection against them 339 - Trade. Commerce. International economic relations. World economy Abstract U ovom se doktorskom radu propituje uvriježena klasifikacija dobara i tržišta te se daje poboljšana prema jasno definiranim ekonomskim i institucionalnim kriterijima.
Ekonomski kriterij dijeli dobra na konačno oskudna i neoskudna odnosno neekonomska s obzirom na željenu potrošnju. Institucionalna podjela dobara propituje dobra s obzirom na njihovu reakciju na ekonomske poticaje. Neekonomska dobra su ona dobra koja su neoskudna u potrošnji te stoga nisu niti umanjiva, nemaju pozitivne granične troškove u potrošnji i ne zahtijevaju ekonomske poticaje u alokaciji, odnosno ne reagiraju na institucionalne mehanizme alokacije. Pri ovakvoj klasifikaciji, pojavljuju se dvije vrste dobara čiji institucionalni mehanizmi alokacije ne odgovaraju njihovoj ekonomskoj stvarnosti odnosno suštini. Jedna od tih vrsta dobara jesu i ekološka ekonomska dobra na kojima nisu bile uspostavljene decentralizirane ili centralizirane institucije alokacije ili gdje uspostavljene institucije nisu bile sukladne željenim ciljevima.
Tržište emisijama u okoliš Europske unije se pokazalo kao dobar primjer potvrde teorijskog dijela istraživanja. Institucionalnom uspostavom količinskog ograničenja emisija stakleničkih plinova i slobodnom trgovinom ograničenim brojem certifikata emisija u okoliš uspostavljeno je jedinstveno europsko tržite na kojem se uspješno ograničava količina emisija, na način da se izjednačavaju granični troškovi smanjenja onečišćenja između različitih industrija obuhvaćenih programom i svih država članica EU.
Analizom stacionarnosti, normalnosti, heteroskedastičnosti i volatilnosti vremenskih nizova certifikata emisija u okoliš, te analizom njihove korelacije s vjerojatnim faktorima utjecaja, došlo se do spoznaje da je tržište certifikata emisija u okoliš evoluiralo u potpuno zasebno i stabilno tržište faktora proizvodnje, odnosno resursa, bez značajnijeg utjecaja drugih faktora osim onih koji političkim odlukama direktno i kratkoročno utječu na njihovu ponudu.
Istraživanje dokazuje mogućnost dizajna decentraliziranog tržišnog mehanizma s ciljem zaštite zajedničkih dobara od prekomjernog iskorištavanja na učinkovit i ekonomičan način. U radu se prikazuju uspostavljeni mehanizmi, pokrenuti procesi i postignuti učinci Europskog sustava trgovine emisija u okoliš.
Abstract (english) This doctoral thesis questions the standard classification of goods and markets, and gives a better one, based on clearly defined economic and institutional criteria.
The economic criterion classifies the goods into finally scarce or economic and non scarce or non-economic according to their possibility of further consumption. Institutional criterion asks whether the good responds to established institutional economic incentives. Non-economic goods are neither scarce nor deductible in consumption, and do not require economic incentives in their allocation, nor would they respond to such mechanisms of allocation. In this classification, there are two types of goods whose institutional allocation mechanisms do not correspond to their economic reality and essence. One of them are the ecological economic goods that were unable to establish decentralized or centralized institutional allocation mechanisms or where the established institutions were inconsistent with the proclaimed goals.
The European Union Environmental Trading Scheme has proven to be a perfect example of a successful mechanism whereby the designed institutional mechanism effectively and efficiently limited the greenhouse gas emissions in a system of tradable quotas, by additionally equating the marginal cost of pollution between industries and EU countries.
The time series analysis of European Union Allowances (EUA’s), as the Individual Trading Quotas (ITQs) are officially called, and its stationarity, normality, heteroscedasticity and volatility, as well as the analysis of its correlation with the conjectured factors, it has been concluded that EUA’s evolved into a completely separate and stable commodity market without influenced only by the political decisions regulating its immediate supply.
The study confirms the possibility of a successful institutional design of decentralized market mechanisms in order to protect common goods and common pool resources from over-exploitation efficiently and cost-effectively. The dissertation presents the established institutional mechanism design of the market trading system and its organisation, the started incentive processes of the scheme, and the achieved results.
Keywords
zajednička dobra
ekološka ekonomska dobra
emisija stakleničkih plinova
Keywords (english)
common goods
ecological economics goods
greenhouse gas emissions
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:192:915169 Study programme Title: Economics and Business Economics Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Repository Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business Created on 2016-02-23 22:53:00
